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2015年ASCO GI研討會于1月15日——17日在美國舊金山舉行。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗即使將S-1作為輔助化療,III期胃癌預(yù)后并不盡如人意。新輔助化療是一種很有希望的方法,但是它的最佳治療維持時間和方案尚未確定。在此次會議上,研究人員進(jìn)行了一項II期試驗對局部可切除晚期胃癌的新輔助化療方案進(jìn)行比較(COMPASS生存期結(jié)果分析)。
研究方法
研究人員開展了一項隨機(jī)II期試驗,利用一種2×2析因設(shè)計,對S-1/順鉑(SC)或者紫杉醇/順鉑(PC)的2個或者4個療程和方案進(jìn)行了比較。關(guān)鍵的符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是:(i)在硬癌和交界腫瘤病例中T2-3/N+或者T4aN0,主要分支動脈T2-3伴有N+,T4aN+,T4b,主動脈旁淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移,或者通過腹腔鏡檢查確認(rèn)可切除最小腹膜轉(zhuǎn)移,以及(ii)沒有其他遠(yuǎn)端轉(zhuǎn)移。
患者們接受S-1(80mg/m2,維持21天,休息1周)/順鉑(60mg/m2,在第8天)或者紫杉醇/順鉑(分別為80mg/m2和25mg/m2,在第1,8和15天,休息1周)作為新輔助化療。然后,患者以治愈為目的接受D2胃切除術(shù)。主要終點(diǎn)是3年總生存期。
研究結(jié)果
83例患者被分配到SC組(n=41,兩個療程組:21名;四個療程組:20名)和PC組(n=42,兩個療程組:21名;四個療程組:21名)。病理緩解率在SC組是42%(17/42),PC組為33%(14/42),兩個療程組為36%(15/42),四個療程組是39%(16/41)。病理CR,在兩個療程組為0%(0/42),四個療程組是10%(4/41)。
由化療引起的3/4級不良事件和根據(jù)Clavien-Dindo分類定義的3/4級手術(shù)并發(fā)癥在每一個組均低于10%,沒有治療相關(guān)的死亡。
此外,3年總生存期分別為,SC組是60.9%(95% CI,44.3——73.9%),PC組為64.3%(95% CI,47.9——76.7%),兩個療程組是64.3%(95% CI,47.9——76.7%),四個療程組為61.0%(95% CI,44.4——74.0%)。
研究結(jié)論
S-1/順鉑的兩個療程治療方案,作為新輔助化療,是可以推薦作為局部可切除晚期胃癌患者下一步III期研究的一個試驗組。臨床試驗信息:UMIN000002595.
英文摘要:
A randomized 2×2 phase II trial comparing two and four courses of S-1/cisplatin (SC) and paclitaxel/cisplatin (PC) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally resectable advanced gastric cancer: Survival results of COMPASS.(Abstract111)Background:The prognosis for stage III gastric cancer is not satisfactory even by S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a promising approach but its optimal duration and regimen have not been established yet.
Methods:We conducted a randomized phase II trial to compare two or four courses and regimen of SC or PC using a two-by-two factorial design.Key eligibility criteria was (i) T2-3/N+ or T4aN0 in case of schirrhous or junctional tumors, T2-3 with N+ to the major branched artery, T4aN+, T4b, para-aortic nodal metastases, or resectable minimal peritoneal metastases confirmed by laparoscopy and (ii) no other distant metastasis. Patients received S-1 (80 mg/m2 for 21 days with 1 week rest) / cisplatin (60 mg/m2 at day 8) or paclitaxel / cisplatin (80 mg/m2 and 25 mg/m2, respectively, on days 1, 8, and 15 with 1 week rest) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Then, patients received D2 gastrectomy with curative intent. The primary endpoint was 3-year overall survival. The planned sample size was 80 eligible patients in total so that the treatment group with the superior observed 3-year OS rate by 10% increase was to be selected with a probability of 88% or higher.
Results:Eighty-three patients were assigned to SC (n=41, two courses in 21 and four courses in 20) and PC (n=42, two courses in 21 and four courses in 21)。 Pathological response rate was 42% (17/41) in SC and 33% (14/42) in PC, and 36% (15/42) in the two courses and 39% (16/41) in the four courses. Pathological CR was 0% (0/42) in the two courses and 10% (4/41) in the four courses. Grade 3/4 adverse events by chemotherapy and grade 3/4 surgical morbidities defined by Clavien-Dindo classification were both less than 10% in each arm without treatment-related death. The 3-year OS was 60.9% (95% CI, 44.3-73.9%) in SC and 64.3% (95% CI, 47.9-76.7%) in PC, and 64.3% (95% CI, 47.9-76.7%) in the two courses and 61.0% (95% CI, 44.4-74.0%) in the four courses.
Conclusions:Two courses of SC as neoadjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for a test arm of future phase III study for patients with locally resectable advanced gastric cancer. Clinical trial ***rmation: UMIN000002595.
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